U.S., Federal Census Mortality Schedules Index, 1850-1880. 33 States - New States in 1860 Census: Minnesota and Oregon; Territories – Kansas, New Mexico, Nebraska, Utah, Washington, Indian & Unorganized Dakota; 1860 Facts. 6. 1. In any and every case where additional schedules may be required you will not fail, in forming your estimates, to bear in mind the numbers necessary for the copies that are to be made. As a general rule, the term Insanity applies to individuals who have once possessed mental faculties which have become impaired ; whereas Idiocy applies to persons who have never possessed vigorous mental faculties, but from their birth have manifested aberration. By the time the 1860 census returns were ready for tabulation, the nation … Individual Names.-- Under heading 3, entitled "The name of every person whose usual place of abode on the 1st day of June, 1860, was in this family," insert the name of every free person in each family, of every age, including the names of those temporarily absent on a journey, visit, or for the purposes of education, as well as those that were at home on that day. 4. Marshals. In filling up this schedule, first enter on a sheet the pages, then fill up the blanks in the heading in their proper order, commencing with the less division, as town, township, ward, or borough; then the name of the county and State, with the date of taking; after that enter your own name and record the name of the post office of the vicinage. Census Questionnaires and Instructions: 1790 to 2000 Appendix A. A March 3, 1879 act replaced the U.S. The below text is excerpted on page 13 from Measuring America: The Decennial Censuses From 1790 to 2000. In fine, record the occupation of every human being, male and female, (over 15,) who has an occupation or means of living, and let your record be so clear as to leave no doubt on the subject. 1860 Census Day: June 1, 1860. Schedule No. Many thanks to the Washington County Genealogical Society, who provided a copy of the 1860 Washington County census, which they transcribed and published. By carefully observing the following schedule, you will experience no difficulty in making proper returns: 9. The first is a master mechanic, and should be termed "master mason," "master carpenter," etc., as the case may be, and you should be very particular in designating the employers or master mechanics from the workmen or employed. When he or she is a mulatto insert "M." You are to note the color of every slave. Attestation.- You will sign your name on each page of the schedules, and certify and make oath or affirmation at the end of each set of the returns, that they were made according to your oath and the instructions, to the best of your knowledge and belief. Data availability. This database is an index to several of these schedules. You will be expected to complete the enumeration without any delay, and once in two weeks advise the Marshal of the progress you are making. All persons who were living on the 1st day of June 1860 were included. 10. Color.-- Under heading 5, entitled "Color," insert, in all cases where the slave is black, the letter "B." Census Instructions. (12 1/2″ X 17 1/2″, printed on both sides with space for 40 entries on each side). 5. 1.-Free Inhabitants. If slaves be found imprisoned convicts, mention the crime in column 8, and the date of conviction in the vacant space No. Full documentation for the 1860 population census, including … Census enumerators requested information from the head of household about deaths that had occurred in the year prior to the census. 1860 Enumerator Instructions (to the Marshals) Ancestry.com - 1860 U.S. Federal Census - Slave Schedules $ Includes research tips and information about the questions asked in each census. We wish by this column to learn the number of occupied houses, the abode of slaves, belonging to each slaveholder. 8. In distributing this schedule to your Assistants they should be sent in the proportion of five sheets for each thousand of living persons, free or slave. By "dwelling house" is meant a separate tenement, inhabited or uninhabited, and may contain one or more families under one roof. Every effort has been made to transcribe this census as written. Please follow the instructions below to perform your search. 2.- Of Schedule No. Marshals with specially hired and trained census-takers to conduct the 1880 … 1860 Slave Schedule; 1850-1870 Mortality Index. The 1860 census will provide you the district, township, and county of your ancestor. Search the 1860 Census Records. 3.Nature of Subdivisions.- It is particularly enjoined, while you may find it advisable to assign several townships, wards, villages, or boroughs to one Assistant, that you do not assign parts of townships, wards, etc., to one and parts of the same to another. The name of any member of a family who may have died since the 1st day of June is to be entered and the person described as if living, but the name of any person born since the 1st day of June is to be omitted. A widow living alone and separately providing for herself, or two hundred individuals living together and provided for by a common head, should each be numbered as one family. This section contains facsimile copies of the enumeration forms used in the decennial census of the United States from 1860 through 2010, and the American Community Survey. Examination of Returns.- By the 5th section of the law it is made your duty to examine carefully the returns of each Assistant, to see that the work has been executed in conformity with the statute. 2. In filling up this schedule, first enter on a sheet the pages, then fill up the blanks in the heading in their proper order, commencing with the less division, as town, township, ward, or borough; then the name of the county and State, with the date of taking; after that … Census enumerators requested information from the head of household about deaths that had occurred in the year prior to the census. With the county or parish record, and your own knowledge, you will be able to make this return very correctly without occasioning offence by personal inquiry of individuals. 13. 15. To sign up for updates please enter your contact information below. Disposition of Returns.- As soon as you have made one fair copy of all your returns and carefully compared it with the original, you will forward it without any delay to the Marshal of your district. 1860 Questionnaire - General Population . This page shows Søren Jensen Rytter and all other people in the same house as written in the census 1860 for Viborg, Houlbjerg, Sall census, census 1860, danish census, census denmark, census Viborg, census Houlbjerg, census Sall, Søren Jensen Rytter, aftægtsmand, 1797, danish genealogy search, county genealogy research, danish genealogy 11. Respecting persons in confinement you will experience no difficulty. Franking Privilege.- The attention of post-masters should be directed to the provision in the 17th section of the law, which authorizes you and your Assistants to frank all packages and letters relating to the Census, and this is rendered the more necessary from the fact of reference thereto being omitted in the abstract of the laws regulating the Post Office Department, last published. If say person whose name you record be at the time, or within the year, so indigent or destitute of the means of support as to require the support of the community, obtained either by alms-begging or public maintenance, by taxation or poor fund, you are to write the word "pauper" in column 14, on a line with the name of such person. Enumerators were asked to include the following categories in the census: name; age as of the census day; sex; color; … 12. The successor of a removed Assistant should be placed in possession of so much of the work as may have been executed. 6. “Manumission of Slaves. 1860 Census Instructions to Enumerators. Some of the files may require a plug-in or additional software to view. Deficiency of Schedules.- Discretion as to what schedules you will require is lodged with the Marshal, to whom you should make immediate representation of any deficiency for your subdivision. Birth Place.-- Under heading 10, you are to insert the place of birth of every individual whose name you record. Eating-houses, Stores, Shops, Etc.-- You will make inquiry at all stores, shops, eating-houses, and all similar places, and take the name and description of every free person who usually slept there previous to or about the 1st day of June, provided such person be not otherwise enumerated. Schedule No. If the person be a child under one year old, born previous to the 1st day of June, the entry is to be made by the fractional parts of a year, thus: one month, 1/12; two months, 2/12; and so on to eleven months, 11/12. 5. The first page of each of the six schedules must be number 1, the first page of the second sheet must be number 5, and thus continuously through your work. Lining up data over time, it creates a visual comparison of the changing composition and geographical locations of families, including white, free nonwhite, … If held in trust for minors, give the number of such minors. 1960 Census: Instructions to Respondents. 4. Commencement of the work and its prosecution.- Having supplied your Assistants with the Schedules and Instructions, you will direct them to enter upon the active discharge of their duties on the 1st day of June, and to notify you of their commencement, and at least once in every two weeks, where mail facilities exist, they should be required to inform you of their progress. 5, there should be sent about four sheets for every thirty manufacturers. It is believed that in all the States and Territories the area of the several subdivisions may be pretty accurately known. 5. You are not to consider any question of lien or encumbrance it is simply your duty to enter the value as given by the respondent. 119) summarize the questions asked on each year’s form. This page shows Bodil Jensdatter and all other people in the same house as written in the census 1860 for Ålborg, Kær, Ulsted census, census 1860, danish census, census denmark, census Ålborg, census Kær, census Ulsted, Bodil Jensdatter, lever af sin Jordlod, 1803, danish genealogy search, county genealogy research, danish genealogy These returns should be securely put up in packages, and the contents plainly endorsed thereon and transmitted per mail with your frank. The officers engaged in this service should understand that they have no right to use or promulgate the information obtained for any purpose whatever. Enumerators of the 1860 census were instructed to record the names of every person in the household. Slaves who (born previously) have died since the 1st day of June are to be entered as living, and all details respecting them to be given with as much care as if the slave were living, You an desired to give the names of all slaves whom age reaches or exceeds 100 years. Dwelling houses unnumbered.-- Under heading 1, insert in numerical order the number of dwelling houses occupied by free inhabitants, as they are visited. These questionnaires collected the same information as those in 1850, with a few exceptions. 1860 Issaquena County Federal Census. Instructions to the Marshals Explanation of Schedule No. Duty to retake the Census.- Should you have undoubted evidence that the enumeration has been made with gross carelessness, or that a palpably erroneous census has been taken in any subdivision, it will be your duty to have another enumeration made without tiny unnecessary delay. Schedule No. Those who are in any degree of mixed blood are to be termed mulatto, "M.". You should ascertain the exact birth place of children as well as of parents, and not infer because parents were born in Baden that so also were the children. The population schedule included the name, age, birthplace, and occupation of each household member. You can search by last name, first name, or dwelling number. 10. Although designed ultimately for the use of the people, the department reserves to itself the privilege of examining into and determining the correctness of the returns and their proper arrangement for publication by Congress, and you are to consider the facts communicated as obtained exclusively for the use of the government, and not in any way to be used for the gratification of curiosity or your private advantage or emolument. Please follow the instructions below to perform your search. The 1860 Census indicates that the statement in the article- "Mississippi law forbade the manumission of slaves" -is not true. You will therefore find it necessary to estimate in advance the number of free persons in each subdivision to determine the proper apportionment of the schedules. Instructions. Hotels, poor houses, garrisons, hospitals, asylums, jails, penitentiaries and establishments of kindred character, are to be numbered, and if they consist of a group of several houses, each is to be numbered separately, while you will use particular care to write longitudinally in the column the designation or description of the house, and specify particularly and clearly whether it or they be poor house, hotel, hospital, etc. 1860 Federal Census of Tyrrell County, NC Introduction and Instructions. To the number, however, which appears to be required on close calculation, there should be made an addition of 25 per cent. 1790-1930 Census Records: homepage of a fee-for-search database from Ancestry.com 9. In illustration: to John Doe may be assigned a properly defined portion of one ward, town, or county, and to Richard Roe the other part of the same ward, town or county; but you should not also assign to either of these Assistants a portion of any other ward, town, or county. ... when the instructions were not followed. There may be some errors, but these will mostly be errors in interpretation of writing as opposed to errors of omission. The 1860 census collected the following information: 1. name 2. address 3. age 4. sex 5. color (white, black or mulatto) for each person 6. whether deaf and dumb, blind, insane or idiotic 7. value of real estate and of personal estate owned (required of all free persons) 8. profession, occupation or trade of each male and female over 15 years of age 9. place (state, territory or country) of birth 10. wheth… You are to obtain this information by personal inquiry of each head of a family, and are to insert the amount in dollars, be the estate located where it may. If a house is used partly for a store or other purpose and partly for a dwelling, it is to be numbered as a dwelling house. Each portfolio will be accompanied with a sheet of blotting paper with which you will carefully dry all entries made on the schedules. They had to be familiar with a long list of protocols for the federal population and non-population schedules — including the following guidance on collecting individual names: Enumerators of the 1860 census were instructed to record the names of every person in the household. 1890 Census: Instructions to Enumerators. 7. The United States Census of 1860 was the eighth Census conducted in the United States. The members, or inmates, of a family employed in domestic duties at wages you will record as "servants," or "serving," or "domestic," according to the custom of the vicinage. Recounts were made in three cities: New York City, Philadelphia, and Indianapolis. When slaves are the property of a corporation, enter the name of the corporation. Return and change of Subdivisions.- In making return of your list of appointments you will clearly designate the nature of the subdivision; at the time you will be at liberty, for what may appear a sufficient cause, to change the district; in which case you should immediately notify the Census Office, stating the object of the change. There may be several families in a garrison, in which case they should be recorded distinct, but should all, by a marginal note, be embraced as of or belonging to such garrison. To the Marshals: Having appointed your assistants, and received a duplicate of the oath of office taken by each, pursuant to your instructions from this Department, of the 25th ultimo [the 25th of last month], you will proceed immediately to the further execution of your duty, as defined by the act. The instructions for conducting the 1880 census include a definition for "Indians not taxed" and an expanded description of Indians to be enumerated: Between 1790 to 1870, the duty of collecting census data fell upon the U.S. Deaf and Dumb, Blind, Insane, Idiotic.-- You should be particular in every instance to inquire whether any slave comes within the above description, and, if so insert the fact in column 8, opposite the number and general description of such slave. Unfortunately, the 1931 census for England and Wales was destroyed by fire in 1942, and no census was taken in 1941 because of the Second World War. If a person follows several occupations, insert the name of the most prominent. Any one who is temporarily absent on a visit or journey, or for other purposes, with the intention of again returning, is to be considered a member of the family to which he belongs, and not of that where he may be temporarily sojourning; and care should be exercised to make full inquiry for such absentees, that none may be omitted on your lists whose names should properly appear there. 17. 13. The instructions to marshals and assistant marshals were virtually identical to those for the 1850 census, with the exception of guidelines for collecting information on a few additional/modified inquiries. Care of Papers.- When traveling from house to house you will observe care in preserving your papers from loss, and while at rest protect them from meddling hands. No allusion is to be made respecting such as may have absconded subsequent to the 1st day of June; they are to be recorded as if in possession of their proper owners. A mechanic who employs others under him is to be termed differently from the one employed. The instructions for the 1860 Census say: Birth Place.-- Under heading 10, you are to insert the place of birth of every individual whose name you record. This examination will enable you to ascertain whether your Assistants have visited every part of their subdivisions and filled up their schedules in accordance with the instructions. 1. Value of Real Estate.-- Under heading 8, insert the value of real estate owned by each individual enumerated. (Inasmuch as these directions are equally applicable to other schedules, as will appear on their face, they need not be repeated, although to be observed as if they were reiterated.). The particular German State should be given-- as Baden, Bavaria, Hanover. Should a poor-house, asylum for the blind, insane, idiotic, or other charitable institution, or a penitentiary, jail, house of refuge or reformation, or other place of punishment be visited, you must number each building or buildings in their regular order, and write in perpendicular column No. The person in whose charge, or on whose plantation the slave is found to be employed may return all slaves in his charge, (although they may be owned by other persons,) provided they are not returned by their proper owner. Numbering Pages.- You will not fail to number each page of the schedules in the exact order of their filling up, using care to complete up one sheet before making any entries on another of like character. Enumerators received instructions from the booklet "Instructions to Enumerators" below. It is of the highest importance that this requirement should be complied with at the earliest moment possible after you have satisfied yourself of the general accuracy of the return. Instructions to the Marshals Explanation of Schedule No. The appointment of Assistants.- Having determined on the proper subdivision of your district, you will proceed to appoint your Assistants; a duty involving great responsibility, and one which, it is hoped, you will exercise with judgment, as upon the fitness of those whom you appoint will depend, in a great degree, the reliability of the returns. The decennial census has always required a large workforce to visit and collect data from households. The resident inmates of a hotel, jail, garrison, hospital, or other similar institution, should be recorded as one family, unless there be several tenements or distinct families, in which case they should be separated. 1860 Slave Schedule ... African Americans were enumerated in the census as all other U.S. residents from 1870 (the first census year following the Civil War and emancipation) onward. Additional questionnaires were used to collect data on slave inhabitants, mortality, agriculture, products of industry, and social statistics. Name index and images of population schedules listing inhabitants of the United States in 1860. 3. If the former owner of slaves manumitted within the year should have died or removed, such circumstance is not to obviate the necessity of their enumeration as directed. Address.- In the prosecution of your duties you will approach every family and individual of whom you solicit information, with civil and conciliatory manners, and adapt yourself as far as practicable to the circumstances of each, to secure confidence and good will, and as a means of obtaining the information desired with accuracy and despatch. Most counties are covered, but some records were destroyed. Appendix B. No relationships were given in the census, instructions were provided to the census taker as to which order to enumerate a household. See the 1860 Overview at. State and Local Reports, Etc.- You are requested, when you can do so without inconvenience, to obtain and forward to the Census Office any published reports of your State or Territory relating to expenditures, education, pauperism, insanity, or crime; or any publications illustrative of any question in the details of the Census. 1860 Census duration: 5 months. The civil and polite prosecution of your duties you will find indispensable to the success of your efforts and the pleasure of your occupation. By the term family" is meant either one person living separately and alone in a house, or a part of a house, and providing for him- or herself, or several persons living together in a house, or part of a house," upon one common means of support and separately from others in similar circumstances. U.S. Federal Census Collection. Most of the forms are contained in Bureau of the Census, 200 Years of U.S. Census Taking: Population and Housing Questions, 1790-1990. When persons who have been convicted of crime within the year resided, on the 1st of June, in any family you enumerate, the fact should be stated by giving in column 14, on a line with the name, the character of the crime; but as such an interrogatory might give offence you had better, where you can do so, refer to the county records for the information, but use care in applying the crime to the proper individual on the schedule. It is to be hoped you will not fail to make record respecting all these classes or persons who may be in your subdivision. 1, the second No. Measuring America: The Decennial Censuses From 1790 to 2000. Each head of family was listed and asked: The number of free White males and females, respectively: - under 5 years - 5 to 10 years - 10 to 15 years - 15 to 20 years - 20 to 30 years - 30 to 40 years This census transcription is organized by page … Where the area is estimated on data not altogether reliable, the fact should be stated. 1. 8. Marshals and their assistants conducted the 1860 census according to provisions of the 1850 Census Act. Number of Slave Houses.-- In column 9 you will insert the number of slave tenements or dwellings on every farm and plantation, and in every family where slaves are held you will inquire what number of separate tenements are occupied by slaves, and you will insert the number in every instance on a line with the last slave described as belonging to the person or estate whereof you are instituting inquiry. Ages.-- Under heading 3, entitled "Age," insert, in figures, the specific age of each slave opposite the number of such slave. Each set should be put up in convenient sized and well secured packages, and, being plainly directed, should be transmitted by mail. The Census Bureau mailed each householder an "Advance Census Report" form that they were to fill out without the aid of census employees. Should accident befall you or sickness occur of a nature likely to interfere seriously with the timely prosecution of your duties, you should not on any account withhold information thereof from the Marshal. The 1850 United States Census collected a great amount of data that gave insight into the state of the U.S. economy in 1850. 1850 Census: Instructions to Marshals and Assistant Marshals. You should preserve an accurate record of the returns forwarded, and of the dates when mailed; and if their receipt is not acknowledged in due course of time, you should notify this office of the emission. 2. The cases wherein it may be difficult to distinguish between insanity and idiocy are not numerous; should such occur, however, you may rely on the opinion of any physician to whom the case is known. Expediting the Work- You should impress upon the Assistants the absolute necessity of a vigorous prosecution and timely completion of their respective duties, in order to have them performed during the earlier portion of the space allotted for the work. Added to this, enumerators were presented with printed instructions, which account for the greater degree of accuracy compared with earlier censuses. The manuscript copies filed with the county and State officers are the property of the government, and while it will doubtless be permitted every citizen to have access to them for the purpose of examining into any details of personal application, or for the purpose of suggesting any errors which may have occurred, no other use of them will be sanctioned. Volume I and Volume II (AMICUS 14000750) Census of the province of New Brunswick, 1861: laid before the provincial Parliament, March 14th, 1862. IPUMS USA collects, preserves and harmonizes U.S. census microdata and provides easy access to this data with enhanced documentation. All landlords, jailors, superintendents of poor-houses, garrisons, hospitals, asylums, and other similar institutions, are to be considered as heads of their respective families, and the inmates under their care to be registered as members thereof, and the details concerning each, designated. Where several tenements are in one block with walls to separate them, having different entrances, they are each to be numbered separately, but where not so divided they are to be enumerated as one house. This order must be preserved with respect to the different classes of schedules, each variety whereof must have the first page number 1. Census statistics date back to 1790 and reflect the growth and change of the United States. Instructions and Index. 1. Where persons (over 15) are learning trades or serving apprenticeship, they should be recorded as "apprentices," with the name of the trade whereunto they are apprenticed. Exact accuracy may not be arrived at, but all persons should be encouraged to give a near and prompt estimate for your information. The below text is excerpted on page 13 from Measuring America: The Decennial Censuses From 1790 to 2000. It should be borne in mind that the mere enumeration is to be followed by a great amount of labor in the careful preparation of copies, and that any serious delay with one Assistant will impede the progress of the compilation of the work, and delay the Congressional apportionment; dilatoriness, therefore, on the part of any Assistant should meet with immediate reprehension. Of this schedule it is believed that, as a general rule, not more than four sheets will be required by each Assistant. 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